�� : �� (��) �� - Fundamental psychophysiology of music therapy of neurological diseases

Abstracts of the 14-th World Congress of Psychophysiology the Olympic of the Brain of the International Organization of Psychophysiology (I.O.P.) Associated with the United Nations St. Petersburg, Russia, September 8-13, 2008 // International Journal of Psychophysiology, 2008. � Volume 69, � 3. � P. 302. FUNDAMENTAL PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY OF MUSIC THERAPY OF NEUROLOGICAL DISEASES Key words: music therapy of neurological diseases Music - a powerful aspect of human emotional state influence - has been used for ages to heal different diseases, especially to treat and prevent mental disorders. Researchers revealed psychophysiological mechanisms of music influence upon the human mentality and the human body in general: they specified that emotions are mainly stimulated by tune and tempo; the other components, such as melody, rhythm, dynamics, harmony, timbre are significant but still additional; minor tones demonstrate �depressive effect�; quick pulsating rhythms excite and may cause negative emotions; �soft� smooth rhythms relax the listeners, dissonances are exciting, consonances are calming; special attention shall be paid to high quality of sounding; melodious pieces of music with clear rhythm immediately gain the response of all the listeners. The specified conclusions turned out to be basic to choose music compositions for psychotherapeutic effect. Samples of classical instrumental and symphonic music composed by Russian and foreign masters were experimentally approved by the rehabilitation center for children with different neurological diseases. The children were asked to paint with watercolor at individual classes during music perception. The author elaborated the analysis schedule of the pictures. Over 700 children�s pictures were studied to make the corresponding conclusions. The piano play �Sweet dream� by P.I. Tchaikovsky. Yellow and orange are domineering colours for 75% of pictures made at �live� music sounding; the major part of pictures was presented only in these two colours. The significant positive dynamics of the child�s state was underlined even after one music therapy session, including serious neurological disorders. It is very important, what colors a child chooses, what their consequence is. Besides, stable positive dynamics can be observed from one session to another session referred to colour choice. The experience of interpretation of the pictures drawn during the play perception has been accumulated, thus, it seems to be possible to reveal psychological problems of the child by his picture. The attendants of extension courses for education employees were asked to carry out the same task. The attendants showed interest in the exercise. They were joking and smiling looking at the pictures. Over five hundred pictures were considered. All the pictures are positive by emotional character and correspond to the music composition. Natural scenes are presented in the pictures; blue and green are domineering colours; the colour combinations are pleasant, light, and well-balanced; the lines are smooth; the forms are rounded and soft. So, it allows to conclude that the music has influenced beneficially upon the listeners� emotional state. Thus, the obtained results prove that the perceived play �Sweet dream� composed by P.I. Tchaikovsky provides stable positive dynamics of cognitive and personal development of children with neurological diseases and optimizes significantly the emotional state of the recipients. The pictures drawn at perception of the specified music composition may serve as a reliable diagnostic tool.

��: �� (��) ��